The capacity to make right choices and shoulder responsibility must be built through:

The correct option is Education and cultivation of judgment.

Explanation

In a democratic constitutional framework, the development of a responsible citizenry is essential for the nation's progress. This concept is closely aligned with the philosophy behind Fundamental Duties (Article 51A), which envisages citizens who are not only aware of their rights but also conscious of their social and civic responsibilities. The capacity to discharge these duties effectively requires rational thinking and moral maturity.

Analysis of Options:

• Education and cultivation of judgment is Correct: Education and the cultivation of judgment foster critical thinking, scientific temper (Article 51A(h)), and the ability to distinguish right from wrong. This internal development empowers individuals to voluntarily shoulder responsibility and make ethical choices, which is the foundation of a functioning democracy.
• Strict military training is Incorrect: Strict military training focuses primarily on discipline, regimentation, and obedience to command. While it builds discipline, it does not necessarily cultivate the independent moral judgment required for broad civic responsibility in a civilian context.
• Religious indoctrination is Incorrect: Religious indoctrination often relies on dogma and adherence to specific beliefs, which may limit the development of independent, rational judgment required for secular and constitutional responsibilities.
• Fear of legal punishment is Incorrect: Fear of legal punishment serves as an external deterrent to prevent illegal acts. It enforces compliance but does not build the internal capacity or moral character necessary to make right choices proactively.

Key Takeaway:
The fulfillment of Fundamental Duties and the development of responsible citizenship depend on education and the cultivation of judgment, rather than external force or rigid indoctrination.