Correct Option
The correct option isDepressions and cyclones
Explanation
The rainfall pattern of the Coromandel Coast (Tamil Nadu coast) differs significantly from the rest of India. While most of the country receives rainfall during the South-West Monsoon (June–September), the Coromandel Coast receives the majority of its precipitation during the retreating monsoon or winter season (October–December).
Option Analysis
- South-West Monsoon winds is Incorrect: The South-West Monsoon winds bring rainfall to the majority of the Indian subcontinent. However, the Coromandel Coast remains relatively dry during this season because it lies in the rain-shadow area of the Western Ghats. Additionally, the Bay of Bengal branch of the monsoon flows parallel to this coast, resulting in minimal precipitation.
- Western Cyclonic Disturbances is Incorrect: Western Cyclonic Disturbances originate in the Mediterranean region and travel eastward. They are responsible for winter rainfall in North and Northwest India (e.g., Punjab, Haryana) and snowfall in the Himalayas, not the southeastern coast.
- Depressions and cyclones is Correct: The bulk of the rainfall on the Coromandel Coast is received during the Northeast Monsoon season. This rainfall is primarily derived from depressions and cyclones formed in the Bay of Bengal. These low-pressure systems move towards the East Coast of India, bringing heavy moisture and precipitation to the region.
- Local thunderstorms like Kaal Baisakhi is Incorrect: Kaal Baisakhi refers to local thunderstorms occurring in West Bengal and Assam during the pre-monsoon season. These are not associated with the rainfall patterns of the Coromandel Coast.
Key Takeaway: The Coromandel Coast receives winter rainfall (October to December) primarily due to the Northeast Monsoon winds and associated tropical cyclones and depressions originating in the Bay of Bengal.