Correct Option
The correct option is A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3.
Explanation
Rural administration in India relies on a structured system for maintaining land records, defining boundaries, and collecting taxes. These functions are primarily executed by village-level revenue officials (such as the Patwari or Lekhpal) and are essential for the effective governance and dispute resolution mechanisms often overseen or facilitated by local bodies like Panchayats.
Detailed Analysis
- A. Khasra (Matches 4): The Khasra number is a legal agricultural document used in India that specifies land and crop details. It serves as a register identifying land ownership, the area of the land, the type of soil, and the crops grown. It is part of the Record of Rights.
- B. Bund (Matches 2): A Bund refers to a small embankment or boundary separation between fields. In rural land records and physical surveys, these bunds are crucial for demarcating the specific plot of land owned by a farmer.
- C. Hectare (Matches 1): A Hectare is the standard metric unit of area measurement used in official land records in India. One hectare equals 10,000 square meters. While local units like Bigha are also used, Hectare is the standard for official aggregation.
- D. Revenue (Matches 3): In the context of rural administration, revenue refers to the tax collected from farmers by the government on the land they own. The Department of Revenue sets the rates, and officials like the Patwari are responsible for organizing the collection.
Key Takeaway
Khasra is the fundamental legal document detailing land ownership and cultivation in Indian villages, while the Patwari is the key official responsible for maintaining these records, measuring land, and organizing the collection of land revenue.