The correct option is 2 only.
Explanation
The rock shelters of Bhimbetka in Madhya Pradesh contain paintings spanning from the Upper Palaeolithic to the Medieval period. The Mesolithic period (Middle Stone Age) paintings are the most numerous and distinct, characterized by smaller figures and themes revolving around hunting, gathering, and community life.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. While there are specific scenes where animals are shown chasing men, the overall depiction does not suggest a constant state of fear or terror. On the contrary, humans are frequently depicted as powerful hunters, armed with spears, bows, and arrows, often chasing and trapping animals. The presence of community dances, family life, and children playing indicates a life that was vibrant and not dominated solely by fear.
- Statement 2 is Correct. Despite the prevalence of hunting scenes, the Mesolithic artists portrayed a complex relationship with nature. According to art historians, there are specific paintings where human figures are shown loving and caressing animals. This suggests that the artists possessed a feeling of tenderness and respect for the animals they coexisted with, rather than viewing them merely as prey or threats.
Key Takeaway:
Mesolithic art at Bhimbetka reflects a dual relationship between humans and animals: one of survival through hunting and another of emotional connection, characterized by naturalistic animal depictions and stylistic human figures.