Correct Option
The correct option is Ambika.
Explanation
In Jain iconography, each of the 24 Tirthankaras is associated with a specific pair of guardian deities known as a Yaksha (male attendant) and a Yakshi or Shasanadevi (female attendant). These deities are an integral part of the Jain bronze and sculptural tradition, serving as protectors of the Tirthankara’s teachings (Shasana).Option Analysis:
- Ambika (Correct): Ambika (also known as Kushmandini) is the Shasanadevi associated with the 22nd Tirthankara, Neminath. In Jain bronzes, particularly from the Akota and Western Indian schools, she is often depicted holding a bunch of mangoes, accompanied by one or two children, and riding a lion.
- Chakreshvari: She is the Shasanadevi associated with the 1st Tirthankara, Rishabhanatha (Adinatha). She is typically depicted holding a discus (chakra) and riding a Garuda.
- Padmavati: She is the Shasanadevi associated with the 23rd Tirthankara, Parshvanatha. She is closely linked with serpent iconography (snake hood).
- Tara: Tara is a central female deity in Mahayana and Vajrayana Buddhism, symbolizing compassion and protection. She is not part of the standard Jain Tirthankara-Shasanadevi hierarchy.
Key Takeaway:
Neminath is associated with the Yakshi Ambika. The three most historically prominent Jain Yakshis in art are Chakreshvari (associated with Rishabhanatha), Ambika (associated with Neminath), and Padmavati (associated with Parshvanatha).