In the context of soil conservation, the planting of rows of trees to check wind movement is termed as:

The correct option is

Shelter Belts

Explanation

Soil conservation encompasses various techniques aimed at preventing soil loss from erosion or reduced fertility. Different methods are employed depending on the topography and the primary agent of erosion, such as wind or water.

Analysis of Options:

• Shelter Belts Shelter Belts (Correct): In coastal and dry regions, rows of trees are planted to check wind movement. These vegetative barriers act as windbreaks, significantly reducing wind speed and preventing the topsoil from being blown away.
• Intercropping (Incorrect): This method involves growing different crops in alternate rows and sowing them at different times. Its primary purpose is to protect the soil from rain wash and maintain fertility, rather than checking wind movement.
• Contour Barriers Contour Barriers (Incorrect): Stones, grass, and soil are used to build barriers along contours, with trenches made in front to collect water. This technique is designed to intercept water runoff, not wind.
• Rock Dams Rock Dams (Incorrect): Rocks are piled up to slow down the flow of water. This prevents the formation of gullies and reduces soil loss caused by water erosion.

Key Takeaway: Shelter belts are specifically used to combat wind erosion in arid and coastal areas, whereas methods like rock dams and contour barriers are primarily directed at controlling water erosion.