The correct option is Government Art School, Calcutta.
Explanation
The movement towards the 'Indianisation' of art education was a reaction against the colonial pedagogy that emphasized Western academic realism. This movement sought to revive traditional Indian aesthetics, techniques, and themes, eventually leading to the formation of the Bengal School of Art.Historical Analysis:
- Government Art School, Calcutta: Correct. In 1896, E.B. Havell was appointed as the Principal of the Government School of Art, Calcutta. He actively criticized the imposition of Western art methods on Indian students and reformed the curriculum to include Indian art history and techniques. He was supported by Abanindranath Tagore, marking the beginning of the revivalist movement in Indian art.
- Sir JJ School of Art, Bombay: Incorrect. This institution, established in 1857, remained a stronghold of Western academic realism and naturalism during this period.
- Mayo School of Arts, Lahore: Incorrect. Established in 1875 under John Lockwood Kipling, this school focused primarily on industrial arts, crafts, and design rather than the ideological 'Indianisation' of fine arts.
- Madras School of Arts, Chennai: Incorrect. Established in 1850 as the first art school in British India, it focused on utilitarian crafts and Western techniques, not the nationalist revival of art.
Key Takeaway:
The 'Indianisation' of art education was initiated at the Government Art School, Calcutta in 1896 by E.B. Havell, who advocated for the study of Mughal and Rajput miniatures over European naturalism.