The correct option is Declare it as unconstitutional and inapplicable..
Explanation
Judicial Review is the power of the judiciary to examine the constitutionality of legislative enactments and executive orders of both the Central and State governments. It serves as a mechanism to ensure that all laws and executive actions conform to the provisions of the Constitution.
Detailed Analysis
- Declare it as unconstitutional and inapplicable. is Correct: If the Supreme Court finds a law to be inconsistent with the Constitution, it declares the law (or the specific part of it) as ultra vires (beyond powers) and unconstitutional. Under Article 13, any law that contravenes Fundamental Rights is void to the extent of the contravention. Once declared unconstitutional, the law becomes inapplicable and unenforceable.
- Send it back to Parliament for reconsideration only. is Incorrect: The power to send a bill back to Parliament for reconsideration belongs to the President (Suspensive Veto), not the Supreme Court. The Court adjudicates on the validity of the law rather than advising the legislature.
- Request the President to veto it. is Incorrect: The Judiciary acts independently and does not request the Executive (President) to exercise veto powers. The Court has the direct authority to nullify a law through its judgment.
- Implement the law with modifications. is Incorrect: While the Court may use the Doctrine of Severability to strike down only the offending portion of a statute, it does not "implement" the law with modifications. Legislation and implementation are functions of the Legislature and Executive, respectively. The Court’s role is to interpret and validate/invalidate the law.
Key Takeaway
Judicial Review allows the Supreme Court to strike down any law or executive action that violates the Constitution, rendering it void and legally ineffective immediately upon the declaration.