The correct option is Dr. Mahbub-ul-Haq.
Explanation
The concept of Human Development shifts the focus of development from simple economic growth (income) to the well-being and freedom of individuals. It emphasizes that people are the real wealth of a nation.
Detailed Analysis:
- Dr. Mahbub-ul-Haq: The concept of human development was introduced by the Pakistani economist Dr. Mahbub-ul-Haq. He described human development as development that enlarges people’s choices and improves their lives. He created the Human Development Index (HDI) in 1990.
- Prof. Amartya Sen: While closely associated with the field through his "Capability Approach" (viewing development as a process of expanding real freedoms), the specific definition regarding the "enlargement of choices" is primarily attributed to Dr. Haq in the context of the Human Development Reports.
- United Nations Development Programme (UNDP): The UNDP publishes the Human Development Report annually based on the framework established by Dr. Haq and Prof. Sen, but the definition itself is credited to Dr. Haq.
Key Takeaway: Dr. Mahbub-ul-Haq introduced the concept of Human Development, defining it as the process of enlarging people's choices and improving their lives, emphasizing that people are central to all development.