The correct option is 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
The Worker Population Ratio (WPR) is a primary indicator used to assess the employment situation in an economy. It quantifies the proportion of the population that is actively employed and contributing to economic activity.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. The Worker Population Ratio is defined as the number of persons employed per 1,000 (or 100) persons in the population. Mathematically, it is calculated as:
WPR = (Number of Employed Persons / Total Population) × 100.
The statement incorrectly defines it as the total population divided by the number of workers. - Statement 2 is Correct. In India, the Worker Population Ratio is historically higher in rural areas compared to urban areas. This trend is primarily due to the agrarian nature of the rural economy, where a larger portion of the family, including women and the elderly, participates in farm-related economic activities. Additionally, higher enrollment ratios in educational institutions in urban areas often delay entry into the workforce.
- Statement 3 is Correct. The WPR serves as an indicator of the utilization of the workforce. A higher ratio implies that a larger proportion of the population is employed and actively engaged in the production of goods and services, reflecting the economy's capacity to generate employment.
Key Takeaway:
The Worker Population Ratio (WPR) indicates the percentage of the population that is employed. In the Indian context, rural areas typically exhibit a higher WPR than urban areas due to the prevalence of subsistence agriculture and self-employment.