Correct Option
The correct option is (a) 1 only.
Explanation
Vitamins are organic compounds required in small quantities for normal metabolic functions. They are classified into fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) and water-soluble (B-complex and C) vitamins. The Vitamin B-complex refers to a specific group of chemically distinct water-soluble vitamins that often coexist in the same foods.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: Vitamin B-complex is not a single vitamin but a group of eight distinct water-soluble vitamins. These include Thiamine (B1), Riboflavin (B2), Niacin (B3), Pantothenic acid (B5), Pyridoxine (B6), Biotin (B7), Folic acid (B9), and Cobalamin (B12). They collectively play a vital role in cell metabolism and energy production.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: Vitamin B1, chemically known as Thiamine, is the first discovered member of the Vitamin B group and is an integral part of the Vitamin B-complex. It is essential for glucose metabolism and nerve function.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: Deficiency of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) causes Beri-Beri (characterized by nerve damage and heart failure) and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Scurvy is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid), leading to bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
Key Takeaway
Vitamin B-complex is a group of eight water-soluble vitamins, including B1 (Thiamine). Beri-Beri results from B1 deficiency, whereas Scurvy is caused by Vitamin C deficiency.