Correct Option
The correct option is (c) 1 and 3 only.
Explanation
Anaemia is a medical condition characterized by a deficiency in the number or quality of red blood cells (RBCs) or the amount of hemoglobin. This results in a reduced capacity of the blood to carry oxygen to the body's tissues.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: The most common cause of anaemia globally is the deficiency of Iron. Iron is a crucial component of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Without sufficient iron, the body cannot produce enough hemoglobin for red blood cells.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: Anaemia does not result in the strengthening of bones. Instead, the primary symptoms include extreme fatigue, weakness, pale skin, chest pain, fast heartbeat, shortness of breath, and dizziness. Strengthening of bones is typically associated with adequate intake of Calcium and Vitamin D, not iron deficiency.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Since iron is a mineral, anaemia caused by the lack of iron is classified as a mineral deficiency disease. Other types of anaemia can be caused by vitamin deficiencies (such as Vitamin B12 or Folate), but in the context of iron, it is a mineral-related deficiency.
Key Takeaway: Anaemia is primarily a deficiency disease caused by a lack of Iron (a mineral), leading to reduced oxygen transport in the blood and symptoms like weakness and fatigue.