The correct option is (a) 1 and 2 only.
Explanation
Inamgaon is a prominent Chalcolithic settlement located on the banks of the Ghod River in Maharashtra. It is primarily associated with the Jorwe culture (c. 1400–700 BCE). Excavations at this site have revealed distinct burial practices that provide evidence of social stratification within the community.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: The "special burial" refers to the remains of a man found in the courtyard of a five-roomed house (four rooms and a granary), which was one of the largest houses at the site. This house was located in the center of the settlement, suggesting the individual held high status, possibly that of a chief.
- Statement 2 is Correct: The body was placed in a cross-legged (sitting) position. This was a deviation from the standard burial practice at Inamgaon, where bodies were typically buried in an extended position with the head towards the north.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: The body was buried in a large, four-legged clay (terracotta) jar, not a bronze jar. While the Chalcolithic period saw the use of copper and bronze, large burial urns were constructed from pottery.
Key Takeaway:
The Inamgaon special burial is a key archaeological indicator of social hierarchy during the Chalcolithic period, characterized by the central location of the burial, the size of the residence, and the unique cross-legged posture within a four-legged clay urn.