The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Chirand is a significant archaeological site primarily associated with the Neolithic period. It provides crucial evidence regarding the transition from hunting-gathering to settled agriculture in the Gangetic plains.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: Chirand is located in the Saran district of present-day Bihar, situated on the northern bank of the Ganga River. It is the first known Neolithic site in the Gangetic basin.
- Statement 2 is Correct: Excavations at Chirand have yielded evidence of a variety of grains and animal bones, indicating a mixed economy of agriculture and animal husbandry. Specific findings include traces of wheat, green gram (moong), barley, and rice. Additionally, bones of domesticated animals such as buffalo and ox have been recovered from the site.
Key Takeaway:
Chirand is distinct among Neolithic sites for yielding a substantial number of bone tools (made from antlers), a feature otherwise prominent mainly in Burzahom (Kashmir), alongside evidence of multi-crop agriculture.