The correct option is (c) Both 1 and 2.
Explanation
Gufkral is a significant archaeological site representing the Neolithic culture in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. It provides crucial evidence regarding the transition from hunting-gathering to settled agriculture in the Kashmir Valley.
- Statement 1 is Correct: Gufkral is located in the Pulwama district of the Kashmir Valley in present-day Jammu and Kashmir. The name "Gufkral" literally translates to "Cave of the Potter" (Guf means cave and Kral means potter). It is situated near the famous site of Burzahom.
- Statement 2 is Correct: Excavations at Gufkral have yielded evidence of early agriculture and domestication. The site has provided evidence of charred grains of wheat, barley, and lentils. This indicates that the Neolithic inhabitants practiced agriculture alongside the domestication of animals such as sheep and goats.
Key Takeaway: Gufkral is a prominent Neolithic site in Kashmir known for its pit dwellings, bone tools, and agricultural evidence comprising wheat, barley, and lentils.