The correct option is (b).
Explanation
The "Silk Route" was a historic network of interlinking trade routes across the Afro-Eurasian landmass that connected East, South, and Western Asia with the Mediterranean and European world, as well as parts of North and East Africa.Statement 1 is Correct: The route gets its name from the lucrative trade in Chinese silk, which was carried along these paths. Traders transported silk from China to distant lands, traversing difficult terrains such as deserts and mountains.
Statement 2 is Incorrect: The knowledge and trade of silk did not spread through sea routes only. The Silk Route was primarily an overland network. While maritime routes (often called the Maritime Silk Road) existed and gained prominence later, the overland route was the primary conduit for early silk trade. The use of the word "only" makes the statement factually wrong.
Statement 3 is Correct: Approximately 2000 years ago, silk became a highly fashionable and prized luxury among the rulers and wealthy elites in Rome. It was extremely expensive because it had to be brought all the way from China, passing through hostile terrains and multiple intermediaries (such as the Kushanas and Parthians).
Key Takeaway: The Silk Route was primarily an overland trade network connecting China to the Roman Empire, facilitating the exchange of luxury goods like silk, which was highly valued in Rome around the beginning of the Common Era.