The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Following the decline of the Mauryan Empire, North India witnessed the rise of the Shunga dynasty, which was subsequently succeeded by the Kanva dynasty. This period marks a significant phase in the political history of ancient India, characterized by the revival of Brahmanical influence and dynastic transitions in Magadha.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: Pushyamitra Shunga was the Commander-in-Chief (Senapati) of the last Mauryan ruler, Brihadratha. Around 185 BCE, Pushyamitra assassinated Brihadratha during a military inspection and usurped the throne, thereby establishing the Shunga dynasty in North India.
- Statement 2 is Correct: The Shunga dynasty ruled for approximately a century. The last Shunga ruler, Devabhuti, was assassinated by his minister (Amatya), Vasudeva Kanva, around 73 BCE. This event led to the establishment of the Kanva dynasty, which succeeded the Shungas in the region of Magadha.
Key Takeaway
Chronological Succession: The political succession in Magadha proceeded from the Mauryas to the Shungas (founded by Pushyamitra Shunga) and then to the Kanvas (founded by Vasudeva Kanva).