Correct Option
The correct option is (c).
Explanation
The Satavahana dynasty, often referred to as the Andhras in the Puranas, rose to prominence in the Deccan and Western India during the post-Mauryan period. They played a crucial role in bridging the cultural and political gap between Northern and Southern India.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct. The term "Muvendar" refers to the heads of the three ruling families-the Cholas, Cheras, and Pandyas-who became powerful in South India around 2,300 years ago (c. 3rd century BCE). The Satavahanas established their power in Western India approximately 200 years later, around 2,100 years ago (c. 1st century BCE). This chronological sequence aligns with standard historical periodization.
- Statement 2 is Correct. Gautamiputra Shri Satakarni was the most significant ruler of the Satavahana dynasty. His achievements and lineage are detailed in the Nashik Prasasti (inscription), which was composed and issued by his mother, Gautami Balashri. This inscription describes him as the destroyer of the Shakas, Yavanas, and Pahlavas.
Key Takeaway: The Satavahanas rose to power in the Deccan shortly after the consolidation of the Muvendar in the Tamil region. Their history is significantly reconstructed from inscriptions, notably the Nashik Prasasti issued by Gautami Balashri.