The correct option is 1 and 3 only.
Explanation
The religious composition of India is a significant demographic indicator recorded during the Census. The spatial distribution of religious communities varies across states, union territories, and rural-urban divides.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: According to the Census of India (2011), Muslims form the majority of the population in the Union Territory of Lakshadweep (approximately 96%) and in the Union Territory of Jammu & Kashmir.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The Buddhist population in India is concentrated primarily in Maharashtra, which accounts for the largest share of Buddhists in the country (largely due to the Neo-Buddhist movement). Other significant concentrations are found in Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, and Ladakh. Kerala does not have a significant concentration of Buddhists.
- Statement 3 is Correct: The Jain community is the most urbanized religious group in India. A vast majority of Jains reside in urban areas, with major concentrations in the western states of Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Rajasthan.
Key Takeaway:
Muslims are the majority in Lakshadweep and J&K; Buddhists are concentrated in Maharashtra and the Himalayan belt; Jains are the most urbanized community in India.