The correct option is (b) 2 only.
Explanation
Faience was a material widely used in the Indus Valley Civilization to create beads, bangles, earrings, and tiny vessels. Unlike stone or shell, which are found naturally, faience is an artificially produced material.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: Faience is not a natural stone found in river beds. It is an artificially produced material. The process involved mixing sand or powdered quartz with a gum to shape it into an object, which was then fired in a kiln.
- Statement 2 is Correct: The firing process resulted in a shiny, glassy surface. The glaze used on these objects typically gave them a blue or sea green colour.
Key Takeaway:
Faience is an artificially produced material (made from silica and gum) used in Harappan crafts, distinct from natural materials like stone or shell, and is characterized by a blue or sea-green glaze.