The correct option is (a).
Explanation
Charaka was a renowned physician in ancient India, often regarded as one of the principal contributors to Ayurveda. He is historically associated with the Kushana period.Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: Charaka is credited with refining and compiling the Charaka Samhita, a foundational treatise on Indian medicine and Ayurveda.
- Statement 2 is Correct: Charaka is believed to have lived around the 1st to 2nd century CE, which corresponds to approximately 2000 years ago.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: In his treatise, Charaka stated that the human body has 360 bones. This figure is much higher than the modern anatomical count of 206 because he included teeth, joints, and cartilage as bones.
Key Takeaway: Charaka, the author of the Charaka Samhita (c. 2000 years ago), estimated the human skeletal system to contain 360 bones, distinct from the modern count of 206.