Consider the following statements regarding the Phase IV (post-1981) of population growth: 1. The growth rate has remained high but started slowing down. 2. The crude birth rate has shown a consistent upward trend. 3. The mean age at marriage has significantly decreased. Which of the statements given above are correct?

The correct option is 1 only Explanation Phase IV (post-1981 till present) of India's demographic transition is characterized by a distinct shift in population dynamics, marking the beginning of a stabilizing trend. - Statement 1 is Correct: During this phase, while the population continued to grow in absolute numbers, the rate of growth started slowing down. This period witnessed a gradual decline in the annual growth rate compared to the previous decades of rapid explosion. - Statement 2 is Incorrect: The Crude Birth Rate (CBR) has shown a downward trend during this phase. The slowing of the population growth rate is directly attributed to this consistent decline in birth rates. - Statement 3 is Incorrect: The mean age at marriage has increased, not decreased. This increase, coupled with improvements in the quality of life and female education, has been a significant determinant in checking the population growth rate. Key Takeaway: Phase IV of India's population growth is defined by a decelerating growth rate driven by a decline in the crude birth rate and an increase in the mean age at marriage.

NCERT Class 12 Geography — Chapter 3: Population : Distribution, Density, Growth and Composition

mcqeasy

Consider the following statements regarding the Phase IV (post-1981) of population growth:

The growth rate has remained high but started slowing down.
The crude birth rate has shown a consistent upward trend.
The mean age at marriage has significantly decreased.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

A2 only
B1 only
C1, 2 and 3
D1 and 3 only

Did you get this right?

Solution

The correct option is

1 only

Explanation

Phase IV (post-1981 till present) of India's demographic transition is characterized by a distinct shift in population dynamics, marking the beginning of a stabilizing trend.

Statement 1 is Correct: During this phase, while the population continued to grow in absolute numbers, the rate of growth started slowing down. This period witnessed a gradual decline in the annual growth rate compared to the previous decades of rapid explosion.
Statement 2 is Incorrect: The Crude Birth Rate (CBR) has shown a downward trend during this phase. The slowing of the population growth rate is directly attributed to this consistent decline in birth rates.
Statement 3 is Incorrect: The mean age at marriage has increased, not decreased. This increase, coupled with improvements in the quality of life and female education, has been a significant determinant in checking the population growth rate.

Key Takeaway: Phase IV of India's population growth is defined by a decelerating growth rate driven by a decline in the crude birth rate and an increase in the mean age at marriage.

Your note

More from Chapter 3: Population : Distribution, Density, Growth and Composition

According to the Census of India, a 'Main Worker' is defined as a person who works for at least:

easy

The growth rate of population is low, even recording a negative growth rate during 1911-1921. Which phase of population growth does this statement describe?

easy

In India's demographic history, which period is characterised as the 'period of steady population growth' due to improvements in health and sanitation?

easy

With reference to the composition of the working population, which sector has the highest percentage of female workers?

easy

With reference to the phases of population growth in India, consider the following statements: 1. The period from 1901 to 1921 is referred to as the period of population explosion. 2. The decades 1921-1951 are known as the period of steady population growth. 3. During the post-1981 period, the growth rate has started slowing down gradually despite the population remaining high. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

medium

Keep practising Chapter 3: Population : Distribution, Density, Growth and Composition

Work through every question from this NCERT chapter.

Browse all NCERT Class 12 Geography chapters

The correct option is

1 only

Explanation

Phase IV (post-1981 till present) of India's demographic transition is characterized by a distinct shift in population dynamics, marking the beginning of a stabilizing trend.

Statement 1 is Correct: During this phase, while the population continued to grow in absolute numbers, the rate of growth started slowing down. This period witnessed a gradual decline in the annual growth rate compared to the previous decades of rapid explosion.
Statement 2 is Incorrect: The Crude Birth Rate (CBR) has shown a downward trend during this phase. The slowing of the population growth rate is directly attributed to this consistent decline in birth rates.
Statement 3 is Incorrect: The mean age at marriage has increased, not decreased. This increase, coupled with improvements in the quality of life and female education, has been a significant determinant in checking the population growth rate.

Key Takeaway: Phase IV of India's population growth is defined by a decelerating growth rate driven by a decline in the crude birth rate and an increase in the mean age at marriage.