The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
In a parliamentary democracy, the "Opposition" refers to the political party or coalition of parties that is not part of the government but holds a significant number of seats in the legislature. Its primary function is to provide checks and balances on the ruling government.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: The Opposition party is typically the party with the second largest number of seats in the House (or the largest party among those not in the government). Describing it as the party with the "second lowest" number of seats is factually incorrect. Additionally, for the official recognition of the "Leader of the Opposition," the party concerned must usually secure at least 10% of the total strength of the House (equivalent to the quorum).
- Statement 2 is Correct: The Opposition plays a vital role in the functioning of Parliament. It ensures democratic accountability by questioning the executive, debating bills, highlighting government lapses, and representing the interests of the people not represented by the ruling party.
- Statement 3 is Correct: A fundamental function of any political party, including the Opposition, is to mobilize popular support. The Opposition actively campaigns to shape public opinion in favor of its own policies and ideology, aiming to provide an alternative to the current government in future elections.
Key Takeaway:
The Opposition is formed by the largest minority party (not the smallest) and is integral to parliamentary democracy for ensuring executive accountability and offering alternative policy choices to the electorate.