The correct option is 1 only
Explanation
The Nebular Hypothesis is one of the earliest theories regarding the origin of the Earth and the solar system. It suggests that the sun and planets formed from a primordial cloud of gas and dust (nebula) that cooled and condensed over time.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: The Nebular Hypothesis was originally proposed by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant. It was subsequently revised by the mathematician Laplace in 1796.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The hypothesis postulated that the planets were formed out of a cloud of material associated with a youthful sun, not an old sun. The material condensed from the outer layers of this contracting, young star.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: The hypothesis did not assume the sun was stationary. Instead, it considered that the youthful sun and the associated cloud of material were slowly rotating. The rotation created the centrifugal force necessary for the nebula to flatten into a disk and for rings of matter to separate and form planets.
Key Takeaway
Key Takeaway: The Nebular Hypothesis (Kant and Laplace) explains the solar system's origin through a rotating cloud of gas associated with a youthful sun, contrasting with later theories that involved wandering stars or binary systems.