The correct option is Expanding Universe.
Explanation
The most widely accepted scientific theory regarding the origin and evolution of the universe is the Big Bang Theory, which is fundamentally based on the concept of the Expanding Universe Hypothesis.Analysis of Theories:
- Expanding Universe (Correct): In 1920, Edwin Hubble provided evidence that the universe is expanding. He observed that galaxies are moving away from one another, which implies that the distance between celestial bodies is increasing over time. This observation is the cornerstone of modern cosmology.
- Steady State Theory (Incorrect): This theory, associated with scholars like Hoyle, posited that the universe remains roughly the same at any point in time. However, with the accumulation of evidence supporting expansion, this theory is no longer the dominant scientific view.
- Static Universe (Incorrect): Prior to Hubble’s discoveries, it was believed that the universe was static (neither expanding nor contracting). This concept was disproven by the observation of galactic redshift.
Key Takeaway:
The Expanding Universe Hypothesis (Big Bang Theory) is the currently accepted model, supported by the observation that galaxies are receding from each other as space itself expands.