The correct option is (b) 2 only.
Explanation
In a parliamentary system of democracy, the Legislature is the supreme law-making organ composed of elected representatives. It functions as the body to which the Executive (the government) is accountable.Statement 1 is Incorrect: The Legislature does not consist only of Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) from the ruling party. It comprises all elected representatives, including those from the ruling party, coalition partners, and the opposition parties. Every MLA, regardless of party affiliation, is a member of the Legislature.
Statement 2 is Correct: The Legislature is the constitutional body that authorizes and supervises the work of the government. The Executive (Ministers and administrative departments) requires legislative approval for laws and financial expenditures (Budget). The Legislature exercises control over the government through various parliamentary devices such as Question Hour, debates, and committees.
Key Takeaway: The "Government" (Executive) refers to the group of people in power who implement laws, while the "Legislature" includes all elected representatives who meet to make laws and hold the government accountable.