The correct option is (b).
Explanation
South America is the fourth largest continent in the world, located primarily in the Southern Hemisphere. Its geographical identity is defined by its connection to North America, the oceans bordering it, and its distinct physical relief features.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. South America is linked to North America by the Isthmus of Panama, a narrow strip of land. The Strait of Gibraltar is located between Spain (Europe) and Morocco (Africa), connecting the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea.
- Statement 2 is Correct. The continent is surrounded by two major oceans: the Atlantic Ocean on the east and the Pacific Ocean on the west.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect. The Andes mountain range runs through the length of South America from north to south. It is the longest continental mountain range in the world. The Alps are a mountain range system located entirely in Europe.
Key Takeaway:
South America is connected to North America via the Isthmus of Panama, bordered by the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, and is characterized by the Andes mountains running along its western coast.