The correct option is (c).
Explanation
The Earth consists of three major domains that interact to sustain life: the solid crust, the gaseous envelope, and the water bodies. These domains are distinct in their physical state and composition.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: The solid portion of the Earth is known as the Lithosphere. It comprises the rocks of the Earth’s crust and the thin layers of soil containing nutrient elements essential for organisms.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The gaseous layers that surround the Earth are collectively called the Atmosphere. This layer contains gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. The term Hydrosphere does not refer to gaseous layers.
- Statement 3 is Correct: The area of the Earth's surface covered by water is called the Hydrosphere. This domain includes water in all its forms: ice, liquid water, and water vapour.
Key Takeaway:
The Lithosphere refers to the solid Earth, the Atmosphere refers to the surrounding gases, and the Hydrosphere encompasses all water bodies. The narrow zone of interaction between these three is the Biosphere.