The correct option is 1 and 3 only.
Explanation
The concept of "Swaraj" is a foundational principle in Indian political thought, derived from the words Swa (Self) and Raj (Rule). It signifies not merely political independence but also the moral and spiritual capacity for self-governance and self-realization.
Statement 1 is Correct:
Swaraj was the central rallying cry of the Indian freedom movement against British colonial rule. It served as the unifying political goal, famously articulated by Bal Gangadhar Tilak with the slogan, "Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it."
Statement 2 is Incorrect:
Swaraj does not imply liberation from self-responsibility. On the contrary, Mahatma Gandhi emphasized that Swaraj requires strict self-discipline, self-restraint, and the acceptance of responsibility for one's actions. It distinguishes true self-rule from mere license or unbridled freedom.
Statement 3 is Correct:
In the Gandhian perspective, understanding the real 'Self' and its relationship to the community is critical to attaining Swaraj. It involves the capacity of individuals to rule themselves through self-knowledge and moral integrity, ensuring that freedom does not harm the collective good.
Key Takeaway:
Swaraj integrates the political demand for sovereignty with the ethical imperative of self-control, positing that true freedom is inseparable from responsibility and self-discipline.