The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
The climate of India is broadly classified based on its seasonal wind reversal system (Monsoon) and varies regionally due to factors such as location, distance from the sea, and relief. Temperature contrasts are governed by the specific heat of land surfaces and the moderating influence of water bodies.Statement 1 is Incorrect: The climate of India is described as the 'Monsoon' type. This type of climate is found mainly in South and Southeast Asia. The 'Mediterranean' type climate is distinct, characterized by dry summers and wet winters, and is typically found on the western margins of continents between 30° and 45° latitudes (e.g., regions around the Mediterranean Sea, California).
Statement 2 is Correct: The Thar Desert experiences a wide difference in day and night temperatures (high diurnal range). Sand absorbs and radiates heat more rapidly than the earth's general surface. Consequently, the day temperature can rise significantly, while the night temperature drops drastically as the heat is lost quickly.
Statement 3 is Correct: Coastal areas generally experience less contrast in temperature conditions (equable climate) compared to the interior. This is due to the moderating effect of the sea (maritime influence). The interior parts of the country, being far from the sea, experience a continental climate characterized by extreme temperatures (very hot summers and cold winters).
Key Takeaway: India possesses a Monsoon type climate. The phenomenon of continentality causes interior regions to have high temperature ranges, whereas coastal regions have moderate temperatures due to the thermal inertia of the ocean.