The correct option is 1 and 2 only.
Explanation
Positive Liberty refers to the "freedom to" achieve self-realization and develop one's potential. It emphasizes the capacity of an individual to take control of their life, which often requires enabling conditions provided by the state or society. This contrasts with Negative Liberty, which is defined as "freedom from" external interference or constraints.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: Positive liberty views the individual as a social being whose personality is shaped by social interactions. It argues that true freedom is realized through participation in the social structure; thus, one can be free only in society, not in isolation.
- Statement 2 is Correct: This concept asserts that freedom is meaningless without the capacity to exercise it. Therefore, it focuses on enabling conditions-such as education, material resources, and economic security-that allow individuals to effectively use their liberty.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: Positive liberty is deeply concerned with the relationship between the individual and society, as it seeks to harmonize individual self-realization with the collective good. It is Negative Liberty that is often characterized as being unconcerned with the social context, focusing instead on a private area of non-interference.
Key Takeaway:
Positive Liberty advocates for the "freedom to" develop oneself through enabling social conditions, whereas Negative Liberty advocates for the "freedom from" external restraint in a private sphere.