Correct Option
The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Complex permanent tissues in plants, specifically the vascular tissues known as Xylem and Phloem, are responsible for the transport of water, minerals, and organic nutrients throughout the plant body. These tissues constitute the vascular bundles.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. Xylem is primarily responsible for the conduction of water and minerals from the roots to the stem and leaves. It also provides mechanical strength to the plant parts. It does not transport food materials.
- Statement 2 is Correct. Phloem transports food materials, primarily sugars (photosynthates), from the leaves (where they are synthesized) to other parts of the plant for storage or consumption.
- Statement 3 is Correct. The transport of materials in the Xylem is essentially unidirectional (from roots upwards to the leaves). In contrast, transport in the Phloem is bidirectional; food can move upwards or downwards depending on the plant's needs (from source to sink).
Key Takeaway
Xylem transports water and minerals unidirectionally (roots to leaves), whereas Phloem transports organic food materials bidirectionally (source to sink).