Correct Option
The correct option is (b).
Explanation
This the technological stages and material cultures of the Harappan Civilization (Bronze Age) and the Megalithic cultures of Peninsular India (Iron Age).
Statement-wise Analysis
Statement 1 is Incorrect.
The Harappan Civilization belongs to the Bronze Age. The inhabitants extensively used copper and bronze for making tools, weapons, and ornaments. The use of iron was unknown to the Harappan people. Iron technology was introduced in the Indian subcontinent much later, typically associated with the Later Vedic period and subsequent urbanization.
Statement 2 is Correct.
The Megalithic culture, particularly in South India, is distinctively associated with the Iron Age. Excavations of Megalithic burials have yielded a rich variety of iron implements, including axes, daggers, swords, and tridents. These iron artifacts are often found alongside Black and Red Ware pottery, confirming the widespread use of iron in this culture.
Key Takeaway: The Harappan Civilization was a Bronze Age culture with no knowledge of iron, whereas the Megalithic culture of South India corresponds to the Iron Age, characterized by the presence of iron weapons and tools in burials.