The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Minerals are essential inorganic nutrients found in foods that are required by the body for proper functioning, growth, and maintenance. They are classified as micronutrients because the body needs them in relatively small quantities compared to macronutrients like carbohydrates and proteins.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. Iron is essential for the formation of hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying pigment in red blood cells. A deficiency in iron leads to Anaemia. Goiter, which involves the enlargement of the thyroid gland, is caused by a deficiency of Iodine, not iron.
- Statement 2 is Correct. Phosphorus is a vital mineral required for maintaining good health. It plays a key role in the formation of strong bones and teeth, is a component of DNA and RNA, and is essential for energy storage and transfer (ATP) within cells.
- Statement 3 is Correct. Minerals are categorized as micronutrients. While they are critical for physiological processes such as nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and fluid balance, they are required by the body in small amounts (milligrams or micrograms) rather than large quantities.
Key Takeaway
Iodine deficiency causes Goiter, whereas Iron deficiency causes Anaemia. Minerals are essential micronutrients required in small quantities for metabolic and structural functions.