NCERT Class 11 Political Science — Chapter 1: Constitution: Why and how?

The correct Answer is Only three

Explanation

The Indian Constitution incorporates various provisions borrowed from the constitutions of different countries, reflecting a synthesis of diverse constitutional principles adapted to India's specific needs. This process of borrowing is a significant aspect of the Indian constitutional framework.

Statement-wise Analysis

1. Statement 1: First Past the Post - British Constitution
   Correct. The 'First Past the Post' electoral system, also known as plurality system, where the candidate who secures the most votes in a constituency is declared elected, is a feature borrowed from the British Constitution.
2. Statement 2: Directive Principles - Irish Constitution
   Correct. The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) in the Indian Constitution are inspired by the Directive Principles of State Policy found in the Constitution of Ireland.
3. Statement 3: Residual Powers - United States Constitution
   Incorrect. The concept of 'Residual Powers' (powers not enumerated in any of the lists – Union, State, or Concurrent – and vested with the Union government) is borrowed from the Canadian Constitution, not the United States Constitution. In the United States, residual powers generally lie with the states.
4. Statement 4: Liberty, Equality, Fraternity - French Constitution
   Correct. The ideals of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity, enshrined in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution, were inspired by the French Revolution and are associated with the French Constitution.

Key Takeaway

The Indian Constitution's provisions are drawn from various global constitutions, with specific features like 'First Past the Post' from Britain, Directive Principles from Ireland, and the ideals of Liberty, Equality, Fraternity from France, while Residual Powers are from Canada.