Correct Option
The correct option is 1 only
Explanation
The art of the Indus Valley Civilization includes sculptures in stone, bronze, and terracotta. While stone and bronze statues (like the Bearded Priest or the Dancing Girl) display high artistic refinement, terracotta figurines were typically hand-modeled using the pinching method and were generally more numerous but less refined.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: Terracotta representations of the human form in the Indus Valley are generally described as crude compared to the sophisticated stone and bronze sculptures. They often have primitive features, such as pellet eyes and pinched noses, and lack the anatomical precision seen in other mediums.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: Contrary to the statement, terracotta figures found in Gujarat sites and Kalibangan are often considered more realistic and distinct compared to the generalized crude style found in other parts of the Indus Valley. They are not "even cruder"; rather, they show regional stylistic improvements.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: The terracotta figurines of the Mother Goddess are abundant in the main urban centers like Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa. However, they are rare or entirely absent in the sites located in Gujarat (such as Lothal) and Kalibangan.
Key Takeaway
Key Takeaway: While Indus Valley terracotta art is generally crude, the Mother Goddess figurines are a distinct feature of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro and are largely absent in the regional sites of Gujarat and Rajasthan.