Correct Option
The correct option is (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation
The first hour of every parliamentary sitting is generally reserved for the asking and answering of questions, known as the Question Hour. It is mentioned in the Rules of Procedure of the House and serves as a vital instrument for parliamentary control over the Executive.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Assertion (A): Correct. The Question Hour is widely regarded as a critical mechanism of parliamentary oversight. In a parliamentary system, the Executive is collectively responsible to the Legislature. This device allows members to scrutinize the functioning of the government and hold it accountable for its actions and omissions.
- Reason (R): Correct. During the Question Hour, members ask questions to elicit information regarding matters of public importance. Ministers are obligated to stand up and answer these queries, explaining the rationale behind administrative acts and policies. This process brings the workings of the government into the public domain, thereby ensuring transparency.
- Reasoning Link: The Assertion states that Question Hour is a mechanism of oversight. The Reason explains how this oversight is achieved-by compelling Ministers to provide explanations and justifications for their administrative decisions on the floor of the House. Therefore, R is the correct explanation for A.
Key Takeaway: The Question Hour is the primary parliamentary device used to enforce Executive accountability and transparency by enabling legislative scrutiny of government policies and administration.