Correct Option (D)
TheHind Mazdoor Sabha (HMS)was established in1948as a national trade union federation. It was founded by leaders such asAshok Mehta,T.S. Ramanujam, andG.G. Mehta. The HMS emerged from a split within the Indian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC) and aimed to provide anon-communist and non-Congress aligned platformfor workers, representing socialist and forward bloc elements.
Incorrect Options
- Option 1: B. Krishna Pillai and E.M.S. Namboodiripad were prominent leaders of the Communist Party of India, primarily associated with communist-led trade unions rather than the Hind Mazdoor Sabha. K.C. George was also a communist leader.
- Option 2: Jayaprakash Narayan was a socialist leader, and M.N. Roy was a pioneer of the communist movement in India and later a radical humanist. Deen Dayal Upadhyay was a key figure in the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, a political party, and not directly involved in the founding of the Hind Mazdoor Sabha.
- Option 3: C.P. Ramaswamy Iyer was an administrator and statesman, notably the Diwan of Travancore. K. Kamaraj was a prominent leader of the Indian National Congress and Chief Minister of Madras State. Veeresalingam Pantulu was a social reformer from Andhra Pradesh. None of them were founders of the Hind Mazdoor Sabha.