Correct Option
- Dadabhai Naoroji, G. Subramania Iyer, and R. C. Dutt were all prominent economic critics of colonialism in India. Their collective work significantly contributed to the understanding of British economic exploitation and laid the foundation for Indian economic nationalism.
- Dadabhai Naoroji is widely recognized for propounding the 'Drain of Wealth' theory, which systematically explained how British rule led to the continuous transfer of India's resources to Britain without adequate economic return, resulting in India's impoverishment. His seminal work, 'Poverty and Un-British Rule in India', detailed this process.
- R. C. Dutt (Romesh Chunder Dutt) was a distinguished civil servant, economic historian, and writer. He authored 'The Economic History of India' (in two volumes), which meticulously documented the destructive impact of British land revenue policies, de-industrialization, and overall economic exploitation on Indian agriculture and industries.
- G. Subramania Iyer was a leading journalist, nationalist, and one of the founders of 'The Hindu' newspaper. Through his writings, he critically analyzed and exposed the detrimental effects of British economic policies, including heavy taxation, oppressive land revenue systems, and the general economic exploitation that contributed to the poverty of the Indian masses.
Incorrect Options
Options A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not include all three individuals (Dadabhai Naoroji, G. Subramania Iyer, and R. C. Dutt) who were significant economic critics of British colonialism in India.