Correct Option (B):
- A. Surat Split (1907): The Indian National Congress experienced a significant division between its Moderate and Extremist factions at its Surat session in 1907. This split arose from fundamental differences in ideology and methods between leaders such as Gopal Krishna Gokhale (Moderates) and Bal Gangadhar Tilak (Extremists). The session was presided over by Dr. Rash Behari Ghosh.
- B. Communal Award (1932): British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald announced the Communal Award in August 1932. It proposed separate electorates for various minority communities, including Muslims, Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians, Europeans, and the depressed classes (Dalits). Mahatma Gandhi strongly opposed the provision for separate electorates for the depressed classes, which subsequently led to the Poona Pact.
- C. All Party Convention (1928): An All Party Convention was held in 1928 to discuss and build consensus on the Nehru Report. The Nehru Report, drafted earlier that year, proposed a constitutional framework for India based on Dominion Status. The convention, however, encountered disagreements, notably from Muhammad Ali Jinnah, who sought amendments to protect Muslim rights.
- D. Poorna Swaraj Resolution (1929): The Indian National Congress passed the Poorna Swaraj (Complete Independence) Resolution at its Lahore Session in December 1929. Presided over by Jawaharlal Nehru, this resolution formally declared complete independence as the ultimate goal of the Indian nationalist movement. Following this, January 26, 1930, was observed as Purna Swaraj Day, signifying the launch of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Incorrect Options:
Options 1, 3, and 4 are incorrect because they present inaccurate pairings of the historical events with their respective years. The correct chronological matches are established in Option 2.