Correct Option
The concept of a Constituent Assembly for India was first articulated by M.N. Roy in 1934. Subsequently, the Swaraj Party formally put forth the demand for a Constituent Assembly in the same year, 1934. The Swaraj Party, established in 1923, advocated for Indians to frame their own constitution, challenging British-imposed constitutional reforms. This demand was later officially adopted by the Indian National Congress in 1936 and gained acceptance from the British government through the August Offer of 1940. The Cripps Mission of 1942 and the Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946 further outlined the framework for its establishment.
Incorrect Options
Option B (Congress Party in 1936): While the Indian National Congress officially adopted the demand for a Constituent Assembly in 1936, the initial formal proposal for such an assembly was made by the Swaraj Party in 1934.
Option C (Muslim League in 1942): The Muslim League did not originate the idea of a Constituent Assembly. Their primary political objective by 1942 was the demand for a separate state of Pakistan. Although they later participated in discussions regarding the Constituent Assembly, they did not initiate its concept.
Option D (All Parties Conference in 1946): By 1946, the establishment of the Constituent Assembly had already been accepted under the Cabinet Mission Plan. Elections for the Constituent Assembly had commenced, and its formation was underway, rather than being a new proposal from an All Parties Conference at that stage.