Correct Option (d):
Panama is a Central American nation connecting North and South America. Its geographical boundaries include:
- Land border with Costa Rica to the west.
- Land border with Colombia to the southeast.
- Maritime border with the Pacific Ocean to the south.
- Maritime border with the Caribbean Sea (Atlantic Ocean) to the north.
Venezuela is situated in northern South America, east of Colombia. It does not share a direct border with Panama, as Colombia lies between the two countries.
Incorrect Options:
- Costa Rica: It shares a land border with Panama to its west.
- Pacific Ocean: It forms Panama's southern maritime boundary.
- Colombia: It shares a land border with Panama to its southeast, notably through the Darien Gap.