Correct Option (C)
The passage highlights a critical distinction between specialized professions, such as shoemaking and medicine, where specific training and competence are prerequisites, and the field of politics. The author argues that governing a state, especially when facing challenges, demands the guidance of "the wisest and the best," implying a need for expertise and capability beyond mere electoral success. Therefore, the core message advocates for the implementation of systems or methods to prevent individuals lacking the necessary competence from holding public office.
Incorrect Options:
Option (A): The passage observes a societal tendency to assume that a politician is qualified to administer a state merely by virtue of being elected. However, the author critically challenges this assumption rather than endorsing it as a valid principle.
Option (B): While the passage emphasizes the importance of competence and wisdom in political administration, it does not exclusively state that politicians must be selected solely from those with administrative training. The focus is on ensuring capability, irrespective of the specific background, provided the individual possesses the requisite expertise.
Option (D): The passage directly questions the premise that the ability to secure votes automatically qualifies a politician to administer a state. It challenges the notion that electoral success alone renders a politician's eligibility unquestionable, advocating instead for a focus on administrative competence.