The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Plateaus are elevated flatlands that stand above the surrounding area. They are geologically significant because they are often formed of ancient igneous and metamorphic rocks, making them rich storehouses of minerals. The specific utility of a plateau depends on its geological origin and weathering processes.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: The African plateau is famous globally for its immense mineral wealth, not for being poor in resources. It contains significant reserves of gold and diamonds. For example, mining areas in South Africa and other parts of the East African Plateau are major global sources of precious metals and gemstones.
- Statement 2 is Correct: The Chhotanagpur plateau in India is renowned as the mineral heartland of the country. It possesses huge reserves of iron ore, coal, manganese, mica, and bauxite. This region supports a large concentration of heavy industries, including steel plants, due to the proximity of these raw materials.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Lava plateaus, such as the Deccan Plateau in India, are formed by volcanic activity. The weathering of the basaltic rocks found in these regions leads to the formation of black soil (Regur soil). This soil is highly fertile, moisture-retentive, and particularly suitable for the cultivation of crops like cotton and sugarcane.
Key Takeaway:
Plateaus are generally the most mineral-rich landforms on Earth due to their igneous and metamorphic composition, and volcanic plateaus specifically provide fertile soil conducive to agriculture.