With reference to the Summer Solstice, consider the following statements: 1. The rays of the sun fall directly on the Tropic of Cancer. 2. The longest day and shortest night occur in the Southern Hemisphere. 3. The Southern Hemisphere experiences summer season. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The correct option is (a). Explanation The Summer Solstice, typically occurring on June 21st, marks the position in Earth's revolution where the North Pole is tilted most directly towards the Sun. This orientation significantly influences the distribution of solar radiation (insolation) and the length of day and night across the hemispheres. Statement-wise Analysis - Statement 1 is Correct: During the Summer Solstice, the Sun's rays fall vertically overhead at the Tropic of Cancer ($23.5^\circ$ N). This results in the Northern Hemisphere receiving the maximum intensity of direct sunlight. - Statement 2 is Incorrect: The longest day and shortest night occur in the Northern Hemisphere during this time. Conversely, the Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun, resulting in the shortest day and longest night. - Statement 3 is Incorrect: Due to the direct insolation and longer daylight hours, the Northern Hemisphere experiences the summer season. The Southern Hemisphere, receiving oblique rays and shorter daylight, experiences the winter season. Key Takeaway: The Summer Solstice (June 21) is defined by the Sun being directly overhead at the Tropic of Cancer, causing summer conditions and the longest day in the Northern Hemisphere, while the Southern Hemisphere experiences winter.

NCERT Class 6 Geography — Chapter 1: Motions of the Earth

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With reference to the Summer Solstice, consider the following statements:

The rays of the sun fall directly on the Tropic of Cancer.
The longest day and shortest night occur in the Southern Hemisphere.
The Southern Hemisphere experiences summer season.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

A1 only
B2 only
C1 and 3 only
D1, 2 and 3

Did you get this right?

Solution

The correct option is (a).

Explanation

The Summer Solstice, typically occurring on June 21st, marks the position in Earth's revolution where the North Pole is tilted most directly towards the Sun. This orientation significantly influences the distribution of solar radiation (insolation) and the length of day and night across the hemispheres.

Statement-wise Analysis

Statement 1 is Correct: During the Summer Solstice, the Sun's rays fall vertically overhead at the Tropic of Cancer ($23.5^\circ$ N). This results in the Northern Hemisphere receiving the maximum intensity of direct sunlight.
Statement 2 is Incorrect: The longest day and shortest night occur in the Northern Hemisphere during this time. Conversely, the Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun, resulting in the shortest day and longest night.
Statement 3 is Incorrect: Due to the direct insolation and longer daylight hours, the Northern Hemisphere experiences the summer season. The Southern Hemisphere, receiving oblique rays and shorter daylight, experiences the winter season.

Key Takeaway:
The Summer Solstice (June 21) is defined by the Sun being directly overhead at the Tropic of Cancer, causing summer conditions and the longest day in the Northern Hemisphere, while the Southern Hemisphere experiences winter.

Your note

More from Chapter 1: Motions of the Earth

With reference to the motions of the Earth, consider the following statements: 1. Rotation is the movement of the Earth on its axis. 2. Revolution is the movement of the Earth around the Sun in a perfectly circular orbit. 3. The axis of the Earth is a physical line connecting the North and South Poles. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

easy

With reference to the geometry of the Earth, what angle does the Earth's axis make with its orbital plane?

easy

In the context of Earth's geometry, the term "Orbital Plane" refers to:

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Consider the following statements regarding the "Circle of Illumination": 1. It is the circle that divides the day from night on the globe. 2. It coincides exactly with the axis of the Earth. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Which one of the following factors is primarily responsible for the phenomenon where only half of the Earth receives sunlight at any given time?

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The correct option is (a).

Explanation

Statement-wise Analysis

Statement 1 is Correct: During the Summer Solstice, the Sun's rays fall vertically overhead at the Tropic of Cancer ($23.5^\circ$ N). This results in the Northern Hemisphere receiving the maximum intensity of direct sunlight.
Statement 2 is Incorrect: The longest day and shortest night occur in the Northern Hemisphere during this time. Conversely, the Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun, resulting in the shortest day and longest night.
Statement 3 is Incorrect: Due to the direct insolation and longer daylight hours, the Northern Hemisphere experiences the summer season. The Southern Hemisphere, receiving oblique rays and shorter daylight, experiences the winter season.