The correct option is 1 only
Explanation
The paintings at Lepakshi are a definitive example of the Vijayanagara school of art, specifically the mural tradition that flourished in South India during the 16th century. These murals are distinct from earlier traditions due to their stylistic treatment of figures and costumes.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: The paintings are located on the walls and ceilings of the Veerabhadra Temple at Lepakshi, Andhra Pradesh. Veerabhadra is a fierce manifestation of Lord Shiva. The murals depict various Puranic themes and manifestations of Shiva, such as Dakshinamurti and Bhikshatana.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The Lepakshi paintings belong to the Vijayanagara period (16th century), constructed during the reign of Achyuta Deva Raya. They do not belong to the Chola period, which spanned roughly from the 9th to the 13th century.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: As these paintings are from the Vijayanagara era, they do not represent the climax of the Chola pictorial tradition. Instead, they exemplify the Vijayanagara style, characterized by a shift towards two-dimensionality, figures in profile, and an emphasis on decorative details and textile patterns, differing significantly from the earlier Chola murals found at the Brihadeshwara Temple.
Key Takeaway: Lepakshi paintings are Vijayanagara murals housed in the Veerabhadra (Shiva) Temple, known for their linear style and elaborate depiction of textiles, distinct from the Chola art tradition.