The correct option is 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Nainsukh (c. 1710-1778) was a celebrated painter of the Pahari school, specifically associated with the courts of Guler and Jasrota. His work represents a significant shift from the stylized, mythological themes of earlier Pahari traditions (like Basohli) toward greater naturalism and the documentation of courtly life.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. The painting 'Balwant Singh in prayer' (often titled Balwant Singh doing Puja) depicts the patron, Raja Balwant Singh of Jasrota, performing religious rituals in a solitary, domestic setting. It shows him stripped to the waist, engaging in devotion, rather than leading a military campaign. While Nainsukh painted many aspects of the Raja's life, this specific title refers to a devotional scene.
- Statement 2 is Correct. Nainsukh shared an unusually intimate relationship with his patron, Raja Balwant Singh. He is renowned for gratifying the patron's desire to be documented in all aspects of life. Nainsukh painted the Raja in various informal and mundane situations, such as smoking a hookah, writing letters, inspecting a horse, getting his beard trimmed, or watching dancers, effectively creating a visual diary of the Raja's life.
- Statement 3 is Correct. Nainsukh’s style is distinct for its precise line work, soft palette, and clutter-free composition. Unlike the vibrant and densely packed compositions of the Basohli school, Nainsukh often used plain backgrounds or stark architectural elements (like white terraces) to focus attention entirely on the subject, thereby achieving a high degree of naturalism and psychological depth.
Key Takeaway:
Nainsukh is distinguished in Indian art history for shifting the focus of Pahari painting from divine mythology to the intimate, diary-like documentation of his patron's daily life, utilizing a style marked by naturalism and minimalist composition.