The correct option is (c).
Explanation
The Ahom kingdom was a prominent medieval state established in the Brahmaputra Valley (present-day Assam). It is noted for its unique administrative structure (Paik system) and its military resilience, particularly against the Mughal Empire.
Statement 1 is Correct:
The Ahoms migrated to the Brahmaputra valley from present-day Myanmar (specifically the Shan region) in the 13th century (1228 CE). The migration was led by the first Ahom king, Chaolung Sukaphaa.
Statement 2 is Incorrect:
The establishment of the Ahom state was not devoid of conflict. They created a new state by suppressing the older political system of the bhuiyans (landlords). Furthermore, during the 16th century, they annexed the kingdoms of the Chhutiyas (1523) and Koch-Hajo (1581) and subjugated other tribes to expand their territory.
Statement 3 is Correct:
The Ahoms were militarily advanced and built a large state by adopting firearm technology relatively early. They used firearms as early as the 1530s. By the 1660s, they had developed the capacity to manufacture high-quality gunpowder and cannons.
Key Takeaway:
The Ahoms migrated from Myanmar in the 13th century, established a centralized state by suppressing local bhuiyans, and were early adopters of gunpowder and firearms in the region.