NCERT Class 11 Geography — Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography

Correct Answer

The correct Answer is Only three pairs.

Explanation

The Himalayan mountain system shows regional variation in orientation due to tectonic bending along its length from the northwestern to the northeastern margins of India.

Statement-wise Analysis

1. Northwestern part of India - Northwest to Southeast
   Correct. In the northwestern Himalayan region, including Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh, the mountain ranges broadly extend in a northwest–southeast direction.
2. Darjiling and Sikkim - East to West
   Correct. In the Darjiling–Sikkim sector, the Himalayas maintain a near east–west alignment with minimal curvature.
3. Arunachal Pradesh - Southwest to Northwest
   Incorrect. In Arunachal Pradesh, the Himalayan ranges bend sharply and extend from southwest to northeast, not southwest to northwest.
4. Nagaland and Manipur - North to South
   Correct. The hills of Nagaland and Manipur, forming part of the Purvanchal ranges, exhibit a predominant north–south orientation.

Key Takeaway: The orientation of the Himalayan ranges changes progressively from northwest–southeast in the northwestern sector to east–west and then to southwest–northeast, with the Purvanchal hills aligned north–south.