The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
The magnetic effect of electric current refers to the phenomenon where a current-carrying conductor produces a magnetic field around it. This relationship between electricity and magnetism was first discovered by Hans Christian Oersted.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. A current-carrying wire behaves like a magnet, not an electric insulator. The flow of electric charges (current) generates a magnetic field around the conductor. Furthermore, for a wire to carry current, it must be an electrical conductor, not an insulator.
- Statement 2 is Correct. The magnetic effect of current is the fundamental principle behind electromagnets. An electromagnet consists of a coil of insulated wire wrapped around a magnetic core (usually soft iron). When electric current flows through the coil, the core becomes magnetized.
- Statement 3 is Correct. An electric bell functions based on the magnetic effect of current. It contains an electromagnet that attracts a soft iron armature (connected to a hammer) when the circuit is complete. This movement causes the hammer to strike the gong.
Key Takeaway:
Electric current flowing through a conductor generates a magnetic field. This principle is utilized in devices such as electromagnets, electric bells, loudspeakers, and electric motors.